The Magnificat & Its Old Testament Roots
Comparative Scriptural Analysis | CopticCross.net
1. Joy & Salvation in God
“My soul magnifies the Lord, and my spirit has rejoiced in God my Savior.”
- 1 Samuel 2:1: “My heart rejoices in the Lord... Because I rejoice in Your salvation.”
- Psalm 35:9: “And my soul shall be joyful in the Lord; it shall rejoice in His salvation.”
- Isaiah 61:10: “I will greatly rejoice in the Lord... He has clothed me with the garments of salvation.”
- Habakkuk 3:18: “I will rejoice in the Lord, I will joy in the God of my salvation.”
2. Regarding Low Estate & Grace
“For He has regarded the lowly state of His maidservant; for behold, henceforth all generations will call me blessed.”
- 1 Samuel 1:11: “If You will indeed look on the affliction of Your maidservant and remember me...”
- Psalm 102:19–20: “For He looked down from the height of His sanctuary... to hear the groaning of the prisoner.”
- Genesis 29:32: “Leah said: ‘The Lord has surely looked on my affliction.’”
3. Divine Might, Holiness & Mercy
“For He who is mighty has done great things for me, and holy is His name. And His mercy is on those who fear Him from generation to generation.”
- 1 Samuel 2:2: “No one is holy like the Lord, for there is none besides You.”
- Psalm 103:17: “But the mercy of the Lord is from everlasting to everlasting on those who fear Him.”
- Isaiah 57:15: “For thus says the High and Lofty One Who inhabits eternity, whose name is Holy.”
4. Scattering the Proud & Exalting Lowly
“He has shown strength with His arm; He has scattered the proud in the imagination of their hearts. He has put down the mighty from their thrones, and exalted the lowly.”
- Exodus 15:6: “Your right hand, O Lord, has become glorious in power... dashed the enemy in pieces.”
- 1 Samuel 2:4, 7: “The bows of the mighty men are broken... The Lord brings low and lifts up.”
- Psalm 113:7–8: “He raises the poor out of the dust... that He may seat him with princes.”
- Isaiah 2:12: “For the day of the Lord of hosts shall come upon everything proud and lofty... and it shall be brought low.”
5. Filling the Hungry
“He has filled the hungry with good things, and the rich He has sent away empty.”
- 1 Samuel 2:5: “Those who were full have hired themselves out... and the hungry have ceased to hunger.”
- Psalm 107:9: “For He satisfies the longing soul, and fills the hungry soul with goodness.”
- Psalm 34:10: “The young lions lack and suffer hunger; but those who seek the Lord shall not lack any good thing.”
6. Covenant Faithfulness to Abraham
“He has helped His servant Israel, in remembrance of His mercy, as He spoke to our fathers, to Abraham and to his seed forever.”
- Isaiah 41:8–9: “But you, Israel, are My servant... the descendants of Abraham My friend.”
- Micah 7:20: “You will give truth to Jacob and mercy to Abraham, which You have sworn to our fathers from days of old.”
- Psalm 105:8–9: “He remembers His covenant forever... the covenant which He made with Abraham.”
The Song of St. Mary
(The Magnificat):
A Theological and Stylistic Reading in Light of the Old Testament
The "Song of St. Mary," known in Latin as the Magnificat and recorded in Luke 1:46–55, is considered one of the sweetest and most profound spiritual hymns in the Holy Bible. This song does not represent a mere fleeting emotional response; rather, it is an enduring theological and literary document that summarizes the expectations of the Old Testament and prepares for the era of grace in the New Testament.
Formulated in poetic, psalm-like language rich in prophecy, Mary invoked texts from the Law, the Prophets, the Psalms, and the Historical Books to declare that the salvific plan God began with the early patriarchs had reached its ultimate fulfillment.
First: Context and Theological Structure of the Hymn
This song took place following the Angel Gabriel's announcement to Mary and her visit to Elizabeth. Its structure can be divided into three primary themes:
- Personal Joy and Humility (Verses 46–49): The humble maidservant's gratitude for the greatness of the Creator who regarded her low estate.
- Divine Reversal and the Turning of Scales (Verses 50–53): The overturning of worldly standards through the elevation of the humble and hungry, alongside the scattering of the proud.
- Fidelity to the Abrahamic Covenant (Verses 54–55): Recalling God's faithful promises to His servant Israel across generations.
Second: Old Testament Parallels and Prophetic Passages
1. The Cry of Joy in God the Savior
“And Mary said: ‘My soul magnifies the Lord, and my spirit has rejoiced in God my Savior.’” (Luke 1:46–47)
Mary begins with praise springing from the depths of her soul—a theme deeply rooted in Old Testament poetry:
- Hannah’s Prayer: “And Hannah prayed and said: ‘My heart rejoices in the Lord... Because I rejoice in Your salvation.’” (1 Samuel 2:1)
- The Psalms: “And my soul shall be joyful in the Lord; it shall rejoice in His salvation.” (Psalm 35:9)
- Isaiah: “I will greatly rejoice in the Lord, my soul shall be joyful in my God; for He has clothed me with the garments of salvation.” (Isaiah 61:10)
- Habakkuk: “Yet I will rejoice in the Lord, I will joy in the God of my salvation.” (Habakkuk 3:18)
2. Regarding Low Estate and the Blessing of Generations
“For He has regarded the lowly state of His maidservant; for behold, henceforth all generations will call me blessed.” (Luke 1:48)
The concept of "regarding the affliction of a maidservant" is a foundational biblical phrase signifying divine visitation and mercy:
- Hannah’s Prayer: “O Lord of hosts, if You will indeed look on the affliction of Your maidservant and remember me...” (1 Samuel 1:11)
- The Psalms: “For He looked down from the height of His sanctuary; from heaven the Lord viewed the earth, to hear the groaning of the prisoner...” (Psalm 102:19–20)
- Genesis: When Leah gave birth, she said: “The Lord has surely looked on my affliction.” (Genesis 29:32)
3. Divine Might, Holy Name, and Everlasting Mercy
“For He who is mighty has done great things for me, and holy is His name. And His mercy is on those who fear Him from generation to generation.” (Luke 1:49–50)
Mary glorifies God's intrinsic attributes: His power, holiness, and eternal mercy:
- Hannah’s Prayer: “No one is holy like the Lord, for there is none besides You.” (1 Samuel 2:2)
- The Psalms: “But the mercy of the Lord is from everlasting to everlasting on those who fear Him, and His righteousness to children’s children.” (Psalm 103:17)
- Isaiah: “For thus says the High and Lofty One Who inhabits eternity, whose name is Holy.” (Isaiah 57:15)
4. Breaking the Power of the Proud and Exalting the Lowly
“He has shown strength with His arm; He has scattered the proud in the imagination of their hearts. He has put down the mighty from their thrones, and exalted the lowly.” (Luke 1:51–52)
Here, the imagery of "the arm of the Lord" warring against pride stands out—a frequent metaphor in Exodus and Psalms:
- Song of Moses and Miriam: “Your right hand, O Lord, has become glorious in power; Your right hand, O Lord, has dashed the enemy in pieces.” (Exodus 15:6)
- Hannah’s Prayer: “The bows of the mighty men are broken, and those who stumbled are girded with strength... The Lord makes poor and makes rich; He brings low and lifts up.” (1 Samuel 2:4, 7)
- The Psalms: “He raises the poor out of the dust, and lifts the needy out of the ash heap,
- Isaiah: “For the day of the Lord of hosts shall come upon everything proud and lofty, upon everything lifted up—and it shall be brought low.” (Isaiah 2:12)
5. Spiritual Satisfaction and Divine Justice
“He has filled the hungry with good things, and the rich He has sent away empty.” (Luke 1:53)
In Sacred Scripture, God is the refuge of the needy and the one who satisfies longing souls:
- Hannah’s Prayer: “Those who were full have hired themselves out for bread, and the hungry have ceased to hunger.” (1 Samuel 2:5)
- The Psalms: “For He satisfies the longing soul, and fills the hungry soul with goodness.” (Psalm 107:9)
- The Psalms: “The young lions lack and suffer hunger; but those who seek the Lord shall not lack any good thing.” (Psalm 34:10)
6. Help for Israel and Faithfulness to the Covenant
“He has helped His servant Israel, in remembrance of His mercy, as He spoke to our fathers, to Abraham and to his seed forever.” (Luke 1:54–55)
Mary concludes her song by linking future salvation to God’s ancient promises given to the patriarchs:
- Isaiah: “But you, Israel, are My servant, Jacob whom I have chosen, the descendants of Abraham My friend... You are My servant, I have chosen you and have not cast you away.” (Isaiah 41:8–9)
- Micah: “You will give truth to Jacob and mercy to Abraham, which You have sworn to our fathers from days of old.” (Micah 7:20)
- The Psalms: “He remembers His covenant forever, the word which He commanded, for a thousand generations, the covenant which He made with Abraham.” (Psalm 105:8–9)
Third: Conclusion
The Song of the Virgin Mary serves as a theological bridge linking the two Testaments. The humble believer in Nazareth of Galilee formulated the entire history of salvation into a single hymn.
Through her rich usage of the language from Hannah's prayer, the Psalms, and the prophecies of Isaiah and Micah, Mary proclaimed that the coming Messiah is not an isolated event in history, but the faithful fulfillment of all God promised to Abraham and his descendants, affirming that God’s righteousness always triumphs on behalf of the humble and the poor.
Mary's Song Verse (Luke 1)Parallel Old Testament Verses Biblical References
“My soul magnifies the Lord, and my spirit has rejoiced in God my Savior.”
(Verses 46–47)• “My heart rejoices in the Lord... Because I rejoice in Your salvation.”
• “And my soul shall be joyful in the Lord; it shall rejoice in His salvation.”
• “I will greatly rejoice in the Lord, my soul shall be joyful in my God.”
• “Yet I will rejoice in the Lord, I will joy in the God of my salvation.”1 Samuel 2:1
Psalm 35:9
Isaiah 61:10
Habakkuk 3:18
“For He has regarded the lowly state of His maidservant; for behold, henceforth all generations will call me blessed.”
(Verse 48)• “If You will indeed look on the affliction of Your maidservant and remember me.”
• “For He looked down from the height of His sanctuary... to hear the groaning of the prisoner.”
• “Leah said: ‘The Lord has surely looked on my affliction.’”1 Samuel 1:11
Psalm 102:19–20
Genesis 29:32
“For He who is mighty has done great things for me, and holy is His name. And His mercy is on those who fear Him from generation to generation.”
(Verses 49–50)• “No one is holy like the Lord, for there is none besides You.”
• “But the mercy of the Lord is from everlasting to everlasting on those who fear Him.”
• “For thus says the High and Lofty One Who inhabits eternity, whose name is Holy.”1 Samuel 2:2
Psalm 103:17
Isaiah 57:15
“He has shown strength with His arm; He has scattered the proud in the imagination of their hearts.”
(Verse 51)• “Your right hand, O Lord, has become glorious in power... dashed the enemy in pieces.”
• “You have scattered Your enemies with Your mighty arm.”
• “For the day of the Lord of hosts shall come upon everything proud and lofty... and it shall be brought low.”Exodus 15:6
Psalm 89:10
Isaiah 2:12
“He has put down the mighty from their thrones, and exalted the lowly.”
(Verse 52)• “The bows of the mighty men are broken... The Lord brings low and lifts up.”
• “He raises the poor out of the dust... that He may seat him with princes.”1 Samuel 2:4, 7
Psalm 113:7–8
“He has filled the hungry with good things, and the rich He has sent away empty.”
(Verse 53)• “Those who were full have hired themselves out... and the hungry have ceased to hunger.”
• “For He satisfies the longing soul, and fills the hungry soul with goodness.”
• “The young lions lack and suffer hunger; but those who seek the Lord shall not lack any good thing.”1 Samuel 2:5
Psalm 107:9
Psalm 34:10
“He has helped His servant Israel, in remembrance of His mercy, as He spoke to our fathers, to Abraham and to his seed forever.”
(Verses 54–55)• “But you, Israel, are My servant... the descendants of Abraham My friend.”
• “You will give truth to Jacob and mercy to Abraham.”
• “He remembers His covenant forever... the covenant which He made with Abraham.”Isaiah 41:8–9
Micah 7:20
Psalm 105:8–9
تسبحة العذراء مريم (Magnificat): قراءة لاهوتية وأسلوبية في نور العهد القديم
تُعدّ "تسبحة العذراء"، أَوْ مَا تُعْرَفُ لَاتِينِيًّا بِـ (Magnificat) والمذكورة في إنجيل لوقا (١: ٤٦-٥٥)، وَاحِدَةً مِنْ أَعْذَبِ وَأَعْمَقِ النَّشَائِدِ الرُّوحِيَّةِ فِي الكِتَابِ المَقْدَّسِ. لا تُمَثِّلُ هَذِهِ التَّسْبِحَةُ مُجَرَّدَ انْفِعَالٍ وِجْدَانِيٍّ عَابِرٍ، بَلْ هِيَ وَثِيقَةٌ لَاهُوتِيَّةٌ وَأَدَبِيَّةٌ خَالِدَةٌ تَسْتَعْرِضُ خُلَاصَةَ أُمُومَةِ العَهْدِ القَدِيمِ وَتَمْهِيدَهُ لِعَصْرِ النِّعْمَةِ فِي العَهْدِ الجَدِيدِ.
لَقَدْ صِيغَتْ هَذِهِ الصَّلَاةُ بِلُغَةٍ شِعْرِيَّةٍ مَزْمُورِيَّةٍ مُكْتَنَزَةٍ بِالنَّبُواتِ، حَيْثُ اسْتَدْعَتْ العَذْرَاءُ مَرْيَمُ فِي كَلِمَاتِهَا نُصُوصَ الشَّرِيعَةِ، وَالأَنْبِيَاءِ، وَالمَزَامِيرِ، وَالأَسْفَارِ التَّارِيخِيَّةِ، لِتُعْلِنَ أَنَّ المَشْرُوعَ الخَلَاصِيَّ الَّذِي بَدَأَهُ اللهُ مَعَ الآبَاءِ الأُوَلِ قَدْ بَلَغَ ذِرْوَتَهُ.
أولًا: السِّيَاقُ اللاحِقُ وَالهَيْكَلُ اللَّاهُوتِيُّ لِلتَّسْبِحَةِ
جَاءَتْ هَذِهِ التَّسْبِحَةُ بَعْدَ لِقَاءِ المَلاَكِ غَبْرِيَالَبِالْعَذْرَاءِ وَزِيَارَتِهَا لِأَلِيصَابَاتَ. وَيُمْكِنُ تَقْسِيمُ هَيْكَلِهَا إِلى ثَلَاثَةِ مَحَاوِرَ رَئِيسِيَّةٍ:
١. الفَرَحُ الشَّخْصِيُّ وَالتَّوَاضُعُ (الآيَاتُ ٤٦-٤٩): عِرفَانُ العَبْدَةِ الضَّعِيفَةِ بِعَظَمَةِ الخَالِقِ الَّذِي افْتَقَدَهَا.
٢. الثَّوْرَةُ الإِلَهِيَّةُ وَتَحْوِيلُ المَوَازِينِ (الآيَاتُ ٥٠-٥٣): انْقِلابُ مَوَايِيرِ العَالَمِ بِنُصْرَةِ الـمُتَّضِعِينَ وَالجِيَاعِ وَإِخْزَاءِ الـمُسْتَكْبِرِينَ.
٣. الأَمَانَةُ لِلْعَهْدِ الإِبْرَاهِيمِيِّ (الآيَاتُ ٥٤-٥٥): اسْتِحْضَارُ وُعُودِ اللهِ الصَّادِقَةِ لِإِسْرَائِيلَ عبْدِهِ عبرَ الأَجْيَالِ.
ثانيًا: شَوَاهِدُ العَهْدِ القَدِيمِ وَمَرَادِفَاتُهَا النَّبَوِيَّةُ
١. صَرْخَةُ الفَرَحِ بِالإِلَهِ الـمُخَلِّصِ
> «فَقَالَتْ مَرْيَمُ: تُعَظِّمُ نَفْسِي الرَّبَّ، وَتَبْتَهِجُ رُوحِي بِاللهِ مُخَلِّصِي» (لوقا ١: ٤٦-٤٧)
>
تَبْدَأُ العَذْرَاءُ بِالتَّسْبِيحِ المُنْبَعِثِ مِنْ أَعْمَاقِ النَّفْسِ، وَهُوَ صَدَى ثَابِتٌ فِي شِعْرِيَّةِ العَهْدِ القَدِيمِ:
* تَسْبِحَةُ حَنَّةَ: «فَصَلَّتْ حَنَّةُ وَقَالَتْ: اِبْتَهَجَ قَلْبِي بِالرَّبِّ... لأَنِّي قَدِ ابْتَهَجْتُ بِخَلاَصِكَ» (١ صموئيل ٢: ١)
* المَزَامِيرُ: «أَمَّا نَفْسِي فَتَفْرَحُ بِالرَّبِّ وَتَبْتَهِجُ بِخَلاَصِهِ» (مزمور ٣٥: ٩)
* سِفْرُ إِشَعْيَاءَ: «فَرَحًا أَفْرَحُ بِالرَّبِّ. تَبْتَهِجُ نَفْسِي بِإِلَهِي، لأَنَّهُ قَدْ أَلْبَسَنِي ثِيَابَ الخَلاَصِ» (إشعياء ٦١: ١٠)
* سِفْرُ حَبَقُوقَ: «فَإِنِّي أَبْتَهِجُ بِالرَّبِّ وَأَبْتَهِجُ بِإِلَهِ خَلاَصِي» (حبقوق ٣: ١٨)
٢. الاِفْتِقَادُ الإِلَهِيُّ لِلاتِّضَاعِ وَتَطْوِيبِ الأَجْيَالِ
> «لأَنَّهُ نَظَرَ إِلَى اتِّضَاعِ أَمَتِهِ. فَهُوَذَا مُنْذُ الآنَ جَمِيعُ الأَجْيَالِ تُطَوِّبُنِي» (لوقا ١: ٤٨)
>
مَفْهُومُ "النَّظَرِ إِلى شَقَاءِ الأَمَةِ" هُوَ مَفْهُومٌ كِتَابِيٌّ أَصِيلٌ يَعْنِي الاِفْتِقَادَ وَالرَّحْمَةَ:
* تَسْبِحَةُ حَنَّةَ: «يَا رَبَّ الجُنُودِ، إِنْ نَظَرْتَ نَظَرًا إِلَى شَقَاءِ أَمَتِكَ وَذَكَرْتَنِي...» (١ صموئيل ١: ١١)
* المَزَامِيرُ: «لأَنَّهُ نَظَرَ مِنْ عُلْوِ قُدْسِهِ. الرَّبُّ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ إِلَى الأَرْضِ أَشْرَفَ، لِيَسْمَعَ أَنِينَ الأَسِيرِ» (مزمور ١٠٢: ١٩-٢٠)
* سِفْرُ لَبَانِ الَأَسْفَارِ (التَّكْوِينُ): عِنْدَمَا وَلَدَتْ لِيئَةُ قَالَتْ: «إِنَّ الرَّبَّ قَدْ نَظَرَ إِلَى شَقَائِي» (تكوين ٢٩: ٣٢)
٣. القُدْرَةُ الإِلَهِيَّةُ وَالاسْمُ القُدُّوسُ
> «لأَنَّ القَدِيرَ صَنَعَ بِي عَظَائِمَ، وَاسْمُهُ قُدُّوسٌ، وَرَحْمَتُهُ إِلَى جِيلِ الأَجْيَالِ لِلَّذِينَ يَتَّقُونَهُ» (لوقا ١: ٤٩-٥٠)
>
تُمَجِّدُ العَذْرَاءُ صِفَاتِ اللهِ الذَّاتِيَّةَ: القُدْرَةَ، القَدَاسَةَ، وَالرَّحْمَةَ الأَبَدِيَّةَ:
* تَسْبِحَةُ حَنَّةَ: «لَيْسَ قُدُّوسٌ مِثْلَ الرَّبِّ، لأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ غَيْرَكَ» (١ صموئيل ٢: ٢)
* المَزَامِيرُ: «أَمَّا رَحْمَةُ الرَّبِّ فَإِلَى الدَّهْرِ وَالأَبَدِ عَلَى خَائِفِيهِ، وَعَدْلُهُ عَلَى بَنِي البَنِينَ» (مزمور ١٠٣: ١٧)
* سِفْرُ إِشَعْيَاءَ: «فَإِنَّهُ هَكَذَا قَالَ العَلِيُّ المُرْتَفِعُ، سَاكِنُ الأَبَدِ، القُدُّوسُ اسْمُهُ» (إشعياء ٥٧: ١٥)
٤. كَسْرُ قُوَّةِ المُسْتَكْبِرِينَ وَرَفْعُ المَسَاكِينِ
> «صَنَعَ قُوَّةً بِذِرَاعِهِ. شَتَّتَ المُمُسْتَكْبِرِينَ بِفِكْرِ قُلُوبِهِمْ. أَنْزَلَ الأَعِزَّاءَ عَنِ الكَرَاسِيِّ وَرَفَعَ الـمُتَّضِعِينَ» (لوقا ١: ٥١-٥٢)
>
تَبْرُزُ هُنَا صُورَةُ "ذِرَاعِ الرَّبِّ" الـمُحَارِبَةِ ضِدَّ الكِبْرِيَاءِ، وَهِيَ اسْتِعَارَةٌ شَائِعَةٌ فِي سِفْرِ الخُرُوجِ وَالمَزَامِيرِ:
* نشِيدُ مُوسَى وَمَرْيَمَ: «يَمِينُكَ يَا رَبُّ مُعْتَزَّةٌ بِالقُوَّةِ. يَمِينُكَ يَا رَبُّ تُقَطِّعُ العَدُوَّ» (خروج ١٥: ٦)
* تَسْبِحَةُ حَنَّةَ: «قِسِيُّ الأَبَاطِلَةِ انْكَسَرَتْ، وَالَّذِينَ عَثَرُوا تَنَطَّقُوا بِالبَأْسِ... الرَّبُّ يُفْقِرُ وَيُغْنِي. يَضَعُ وَيَرْفَعُ» (١ صموئيل ٢: ٤، ٧)
* المَزَامِيرُ: «المُقِيمُ المِسْكِينَ مِنَ التُّرَابِ، الرَّافِعُ البَائِسَ مِنَ الـمَزْبَلَةِ لِيُجْلِسَهُ مَعَ أُشَرَفَاءَ» (مزمور ١١٣: ٧-٨)
* سِفْرُ إِشَعْيَاءَ: «فَإِنَّ لِرَبِّ الجُنُودِ يَوْمًا عَلَى كُلِّ مُتَكَبِّرٍ وَعَالٍ، وَعَلَى كُلِّ مُرْتَفِعٍ فَيُوضَعُ» (إشعياء ٢: ١٢)
٥. الشَّبَعُ الرُّوحِيُّ وَعَدَالَةُ التَّوزيعِ الإِلَهِيِّ
> «أَشْبَعَ الجِيَاعَ مِنْ خَيْرَاتٍ، وَصَرَفَ الأَغْنِيَاءَ فَارِغِينَ» (لوقا ١: ٥٣)
>
اللهُ فِي الكِتَابِ المَقْدَسِ هُوَ مُلَاوِذُ المَسَاكِينِ وَمُشْبِعُ النُّفُوسِ الظَّامِئَةِ:
* تَسْبِحَةُ حَنَّةَ: «الشِّبَاعُ إِجَارُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ بِالخُبْزِ، وَالجِيَاعُ كَفُّوا» (١ صموئيل ٢: ٥)
* المَزَامِيرُ: «أَشْبَعَ النَّفْسَ الـمُشْتَهِيَةَ، وَمَلأَ النَّفْسَ الجَائِعَةَ خَيْرًا» (مزمور ١٠٧: ٩)
* المَزَامِيرُ: «الأَشْبَالُ احْتَاجَتْ وَجَاعَتْ، وَأَمَّا طَالِبُو الرَّبِّ فَلاَ يَعْوَزُهُمْ شَيْءٌ مِنَ الخَيْرِ» (مزمور ٣٤: ١٠)
٦. الأَمَانَةُ لِلْعَهْدِ وَالأَبَدِيَّةُ
> «عَضَدَ إِسْرَائِيلَ فَتَاهُ لِيَذْكُرَ رَحْمَةً، كَمَا كَلَّمَ آبَاءَنَا: لإِبْرَاهِيمَ وَنَسْلِهِ إِلَى الأَبَدِ» (لوقا ١: ٥٤-٥٥)
>
تَخْتَتِمُ العَذْرَاءُ مَرْيَمُ نَشِيدَهَا بِالرَّبْطِ بَيْنَ الخَلاصِ الـمُسْتَقْبَلِيِّ وَوُعُودِ اللهِ القَدِيمَةِ لِلآبَاءِ الأُوَلِ:
* سِفْرُ إِشَعْيَاءَ: «وَأَنْتَ يَا إِسْرَائِيلُ عَبْدِي، يَا يَعْقُوبُ الَّذِي اخْتَرْتُهُ، نَسْلَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلِي... قُلْتُ لَك: أَنْتَ عَبْدِي، اخْتَرْتُكَ وَلَمْ أَرْفُضْكَ» (إشعياء ٤١: ٨-٩)
* سِفْرُ مِيخَا: «تَصْنَعُ الأَمَانَةَ لِيَعْقُوبَ وَالرَّحْمَةَ لإِبْرَاهِيمَ، اللَّتَيْنِ حَلَفْتَ لآبَائِنَا مُنْذُ أَيَّامِ القِدَمِ» (ميخا ٧: ٢٠)
* المَزَامِيرُ: «ذَكَرَ إِلَى الدَّهْرِ عَهْدَهُ، كَلِمَةً أَوْصَى بِهَا إِلَى أَلْفِ جِيلٍ، الَّذِي عَاهَدَ بِهِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ» (مزمور ١٠٥: ٨-٩)
ثالثًا: الخَاتِمَةُ وَالأَهَمِّيَّةُ اللاحِقَةُ
إِنَّ تَسْبِحَةَ العَذْرَاءِ مَرْيَمَ تُعْتَبَرُ جِسْرًا لَاهُوتِيًّا يَرْبُطُ بَيْنَ العَهْدَيْنِ. لَقَدْ اسْتَطَاعَتْ المَؤْمِنَةُ المَتَوَاضِعَةُ فِي نَاصِرَةِ الجَلِيلِ أَنْ تَصُوغَ تاريخَ الخَلاصِ الكَامِلَ فِي نَشِيدٍ وَاحِدٍ.
مِنْ خِلاَلِ اسْتِخْدَامِهَا المَكْثَفِ لِأَلْفَاظِ تَسْبِحَةِ حَنَّةَ، وَالمَزَامِيرِ، وَنُبُوَّاتِ إِشَعْيَاءَ وَمِيخَا، أَعْلَنَتْ مَرْيَمُ أَنَّ المَسِيحَ الآتِيَ لَيْسَ حَدَثًا مُنْفَصِلًا عَنِ التَّارِيخِ، بَلْ هُوَ تَحْقِيقٌ أَمِينٌ لِكُلِّ مَا مَنَّ بِهِ اللهُ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَنَسْلِهِ، وَتَأْكِيدٌ عَلَى أَنَّ عَدَالَةَ اللهِ
تَنْتَصِرُ دَائِمًا لِلْمُتَّضِعِينَ وَالـمَسَاكِينِ.
| آية تسبحة العذراء (لوقا ١) | الآيات المترادفة من العهد القديم | الشاهد الكتابي |
|---|---|---|
| «تُعَظِّمُ نَفْسِي الرَّبَّ، وَتَبْتَهِجُ رُوحِي بِاللهِ مُخَلِّصِي» (الآيتان ٤٦-٤٧) | • «ابْتَهَجَ قَلْبِي بِالرَّبِّ... لأَنِّي قَدِ ابْتَهَجْتُ بِخَلاَصِكَ» • «أَمَّا نَفْسِي فَتَفْرَحُ بِالرَّبِّ وَتَبْتَهِجُ بِخَلاَصِهِ» • «فَرَحًا أَفْرَحُ بِالرَّبِّ. تَبْتَهِجُ نَفْسِي بِإِلَهِي» • «فَإِنِّي أَبْتَهِجُ بِالرَّبِّ وَأَبْتَهِجُ بِإِلَهِ خَلاَصِي» | ١ صموئيل ٢: ١ مزمور ٣٥: ٩ إشعياء ٦١: ١٠ حبقوق ٣: ١٨ |
| «لأَنَّهُ نَظَرَ إِلَى اتِّضَاعِ أَمَتِهِ. فَهُوَذَا مُنْذُ الآنَ جَمِيعُ الأَجْيَالِ تُطَوِّبُنِي» (الآية ٤٨) | • «إِنْ نَظَرْتَ نَظَرًا إِلَى شَقَاءِ أَمَتِكَ وَذَكَرْتَنِي» • «لأَنَّهُ نَظَرَ مِنْ عُلْوِ قُدْسِهِ... لِيَسْمَعَ أَنِينَ الأَسِيرِ» • «قَالَتْ لِيئَةُ: إِنَّ الرَّبَّ قَدْ نَظَرَ إِلَى شَقَائِي» | ١ صموئيل ١: ١١ مزمور ١٠٢: ١٩-٢٠ تكوين ٢٩: ٣٢ |
| «لأَنَّ الْقَدِيرَ صَنَعَ بِي عَظَائِمَ، وَاسْمُهُ قُدُّوسٌ، وَرَحْمَتُهُ إِلَى جِيلِ الأَجْيَالِ لِلَّذِينَ يَتَّقُونَهُ» (الآيتان ٤٩-٥٠) | • «لَيْسَ قُدُّوسٌ مِثْلَ الرَّبِّ، لأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ غَيْرَكَ» • «أَمَّا رَحْمَةُ الرَّبِّ فَإِلَى الدَّهْرِ وَالأَبَدِ عَلَى خَائِفِيهِ» • «قَالَ الْعَلِيُّ الْمُرْتَفِعُ، سَاكِنُ الأَبَدِ، الْقُدُّوسُ اسْمُهُ» | ١ صموئيل ٢: ٢ مزمور ١٠٣: ١٧ إشعياء ٥٧: ١٥ |
| «صَنَعَ قُوَّةً بِذِرَاعِهِ. شَتَّتَ الْمُسْتَكْبِرِينَ بِفِكْرِ قُلُوبِهِمْ» (الآية ٥١) | • «يَمِينُكَ يَا رَبُّ مُعْتَزَّةٌ بِالْقُوَّةِ... تُقَطِّعُ الْعَدُوَّ» • «بِذِرَاعِ قُوَّتِكَ بَدَّدْتَ أَعْدَاءَكَ» • «فَإِنَّ لِرَبِّ الْجُنُودِ يَوْمًا عَلَى كُلِّ مُتَكَبِّرٍ وَعَالٍ... فَيُوضَعُ» | خروج ١٥: ٦ مزمور ٨٩: ١٠ إشعياء ٢: ١٢ |
| «أَنْزَلَ الأَعِزَّاءَ عَنِ الْكَرَاسِيِّ وَرَفَعَ الْمُتَّضِعِينَ» (الآية ٥٢) | • «قِسِيُّ الأَبَاطِلَةِ انْكَسَرَتْ... الرَّبُّ يُفْقِرُ وَيُغْنِي. يَضَعُ وَيَرْفَعُ» • «الْمُقِيمُ الْمِسْكِينَ مِنَ التُّرَابِ... لِيُجْلِسَهُ مَعَ أُشَرَفَاءِ» | ١ صموئيل ٢: ٤، ٧ مزمور ١١٣: ٧-٨ |
| «أَشْبَعَ الْجِيَاعَ مِنْ خَيْرَاتٍ، وَصَرَفَ الأَغْنِيَاءَ فَارِغِينَ» (الآية ٥٣) | • «الشِّبَاعُ إِجَارُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ بِالْخُبْزِ، وَالْجِيَاعُ كَفُّوا» • «أَشْبَعَ النَّفْسَ الْمُشْتَهِيَةَ، وَمَلأَ النَّفْسَ الْجَائِعَةَ خَيْرًا» • «الأَشْبَالُ احْتَاجَتْ وَجَاعَتْ، وَأَمَّا طَالِبُو الرَّبِّ فَلاَ يَعْوَزُهُمْ شَيْءٌ» | ١ صموئيل ٢: ٥ مزمور ١٠٧: ٩ مزمور ٣٤: ١٠ |
| «عَضَدَ إِسْرَائِيلَ فَتَاهُ لِيَذْكُرَ رَحْمَةً، كَمَا كَلَّمَ آبَاءَنَا: لإِبْرَاهِيمَ وَنَسْلِهِ إِلَى الأَبَدِ» (الآيتان ٥٤-٥٥) | • «وَأَنْتَ يَا إِسْرَائِيلُ عَبْدِي... نَسْلَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلِي»
• «تَصْنَعُ الأَمَانَةَ لِيَعْقُوبَ وَالرَّحْمَةَ لإِبْرَاهِيمَ»
• «ذَكَرَ إِلَى الدَّهْرِ عَهْدَهُ... الَّذِي عَاهَدَ بِهِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ» | إشعياء ٤١: ٨-٩ ميخا ٧: ٢٠ مزمور ١٠٥: ٨-٩ |
